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Janka Hardness is defined as a measure
of the hardness of wood, produced by a variation on the Brinell
hardness test. The test measures the force required to push a steel
ball with a diameter of 11.28 millimeters (0.444 inches) into the
wood to a depth of half the ball's diameter.
The results are stated in various ways
in different countries, which can lead to confusion, especially
since the name of the actual units employed is often not attached.
In the United States, the measurement is in ft. pounds-force. The most
common use of Janka hardness ratings is to determine whether a
species is suitable for use as flooring.
The higher the number the harder the
species is.
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Cumaru (Dipteryx
odorata)
Source: S. America
Heartwood: reddish brown with yellowish brown streaks
Janka hardness ratings: 3,540
Cumaru is another dense, durable timber species
characterized by a tightly interlocked grain and yellowish
brown streaks. Cumaru is in many respects similar in
appearance to Ipe but without the greenish olive undertone.
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 Cambara
(Erisma uncinatum)
Source: S. America
Heartwood: red/purple brown
Cambara has a lower density than other popular decking,
however with the correct kiln drying, it's hardness is
similar to our other species. While not as durable as
species such as Ipe it has nevertheless gained considerable
popularity as an elegant decking timber due in particular to
its very consistent color and straight grain. Cambara is
available from many countries. In Bolivia it is harvested
from forests managed and operated under forest management
procedures laid down by both the FSC and the Bolivian
government organization SIF. |
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 Ipe
(Tabebuia spp.) — “Ironwood”
Source: S. America
Wood color: olive brown to brown
Janka hardness ratings: 3,680
Ipe is widely recognized as one of the hardest, strongest
and most durable timber species in the world. Because of its
density, it has a high fire resistance rating. It is a very
stable timber in outdoor exposure, so is used widely for
decking and other outdoor structures where strength and
durability are important. Ipe is available from Bolivia,
Brazil, Paraguay and several other South American countries.
Forests are managed and operated under forest management
procedures laid down by both the FSC & government
organizations in the respective countries. Example: IBAMA in
Brazil.
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